零基础学前端

# MNMP

MNMP，指的是：Mac + Nginx + MySQL + PHP。

在Mac系统中，我们推荐使用：brew 安装！如安装过程中遇到问题，请参考 brew

# 一、Nginx

# 1.1 安装 nginx

  • 常用命令

    # brew 安装
brew install nginx

# 启动nginx（默认 localhost:8080端口）
sudo nginx

# 重新加载|重启|退出
sudo nginx -s reload|reopen|quit

  • 安装

# 查询 nginx
brew search nginx

# 安装 nginx
brew install nginx

# 安装过程中，会出现如下信息：
==> Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/nginx-1.21.1.catalina.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring nginx-1.21.1.catalina.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
Docroot is: /usr/local/var/www

The default port has been set in /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf to 8080 so that
nginx can run without sudo.

nginx will load all files in /usr/local/etc/nginx/servers/.

To have launchd start nginx now and restart at login:
  brew services start nginx
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  nginx
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.21.1: 25 files, 2.2MB

# 1.2 管理nginx

通过的上面安装信息，可以获取以下信息：

  • 默认端口号：8080

    The default port has been set in /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf to 8080 so that nginx can run without sudo.

    我们可以手动修改端口号为 8888：

    server {
    # 端口号
    listen       8888;
    # server_name
    server_name  localhost;
        
    # ...
}

  • 加载所有nginx配置：

    /usr/local/etc/nginx/servers/

  • 启动nginx

    brew services start nginx

  • 后台服务启动nginx

    nginx

# 二、Mysql

Mac地址通过 brew 安装

# 2.1 查询MySql版本

# 查询
brew search mysql

# 安装指定版本
brew install mysql@5.7

# 安装成功后提示
We've installed your MySQL database without a root password. To secure it run:
    mysql_secure_installation

MySQL is configured to only allow connections from localhost by default

To connect run:
    mysql -uroot

mysql@5.7 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because this is an alternate version of another formula.

If you need to have mysql@5.7 first in your PATH, run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

For compilers to find mysql@5.7 you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/include"


To have launchd start mysql@5.7 now and restart at login:
  brew services start mysql@5.7
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  /usr/local/opt/mysql@5.7/bin/mysql.server start

# 2.2 命令

mysql.server  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}
  • 启动MySQL服务：mysql.server start
  • 设置密码：mysql_secure_installation
  • 连接MySQL：mysql -uroot

# 三、PHP

MacOS自带了 Apache 和 PHP

  • 查看PHP版本：php -v 或 php -verseion

# 3.1 安装 PHP

# 查询php
brew search php

# 安装指定版本php
brew install php@7.4

# 安装成功，提示信息
To enable PHP in Apache add the following to httpd.conf and restart Apache:
    LoadModule php7_module /usr/local/opt/php@7.4/lib/httpd/modules/libphp7.so

    <FilesMatch \.php$>
        SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
    </FilesMatch>

Finally, check DirectoryIndex includes index.php
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

The php.ini and php-fpm.ini file can be found in:
    /usr/local/etc/php/7.4/

php@7.4 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because this is an alternate version of another formula.

If you need to have php@7.4 first in your PATH, run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/php@7.4/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/php@7.4/sbin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

For compilers to find php@7.4 you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/php@7.4/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/php@7.4/include"


To start php@7.4:
  brew services start php@7.4
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  /usr/local/opt/php@7.4/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize
==> git
The Tcl/Tk GUIs (e.g. gitk, git-gui) are now in the `git-gui` formula.

zsh completions and functions have been installed to:
  /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions

Emacs Lisp files have been installed to:
  /usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp/git

# 3.2 管理PHP

  • 启动：brew services start php@7.4

# 3.3 composer

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

# 3.4 TP6.0

  • php
$ php think make:command Hello hello

# 报错
 require(vendor/autoload.php): failed to open stream

What you're missing is running composer install, which will import your packages and create the vendor folder, along with the autoload script.

# 四、Apache

启动、关闭、重启Apache命令如下：

  • 开启： sudo apachectl start
  • 停止： sudo apachectl stop
  • 重启： sudo apachectl restart
  • 查看Apache版本：httpd -v 或 sudo apachectl -v
  • 查找Apache执行文件：which apachectl

# 实战

# 一、开启MySQL

# 启动MySQL
$ mysql.server start

# 登录mysql，输入user和password
$ mysql -u root -p

# 查看所有数据库
$ show databases;

# 创建数据库
$ create database plc_threetowns;

创建数据库或数据表，建议使用 SQLPro Studio进行可视化管理，效率更高哦！

# 二、开启nginx

# 1. 端口号修改

当您通过命令行：nginx， 来启动nginx服务时，可能会出现以下信息：Address already in use地址已经被使用了。

$ nginx
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:8080 failed (48: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (48: Address already in use)

此时，您可以kill掉相关端口；也可以修改 nginx端口

  • 打开 nginx.conf 配置
$ open /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  • 修改端口号
 server {
-   listen       8080;
+   listen       8888;
    server_name  localhost;

  • 重启nginx

    sudo nginx -s reload|reopen|quit

    此时，可以在浏览器中打开：http://localhost:8888/，看到下面信息则nginx启动成功

    nginx

# . 配置 *.conf

在 nginx.conf 配置文件中，我们可以看到 include servers/*; 表示配置从此处引入的。

为方便管理，我们把网站nginx配置的引入指向指定目录：

- include servers/*;
+ include /Users/leon/Home/labs/MNMP/vhost/nginx/*.conf;

下面变来配置一个 plc.conf 的文件。

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name plc.labs.com;
    index index.php index.html index.htm default.php default.htm default.html;
    root /Users/leon/Home/labs/other/PLC/tp6/public;

    #SSL-START SSL相关配置，请勿删除或修改下一行带注释的404规则
    #error_page 404/404.html;
    #SSL-END

    #ERROR-PAGE-START  错误页配置，可以注释、删除或修改
    #error_page 404 /404.html;
    #error_page 502 /502.html;
    #ERROR-PAGE-END

    #PHP-INFO-START  PHP引用配置，可以注释或修改
    include enable-php-73.conf;
    #PHP-INFO-END

    #REWRITE-START URL重写规则引用,修改后将导致面板设置的伪静态规则失效
    location / {
        if (!-e $request_filename){
            rewrite  ^(.*)$  /index.php?s=$1  last;   break;
        }
    }
    #REWRITE-END

    #禁止访问的文件或目录
    location ~ ^/(\.user.ini|\.htaccess|\.git|\.svn|\.project|LICENSE|README.md)
    {
        return 404;
    }

    #一键申请SSL证书验证目录相关设置
    location ~ \.well-known{
        allow all;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
        expires      30d;
        error_log /dev/null;
        access_log /dev/null;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
        expires      12h;
        error_log /dev/null;
        access_log /dev/null;
    }
    # access_log  /www/wwwlogs/plc.threetowns.cn.log;
    # error_log  /www/wwwlogs/plc.threetowns.cn.error.log;
}

# 2. 配置说明

  • server_name：定义域名

  • root：定义项目根目录（thinkphp6.x需要指向 public 目录）

  • 伪静态规则

    location / {
    if (!-e $request_filename){
        rewrite  ^(.*)$  /index.php?s=$1  last;   break;
    }
}

# 3. 重启nginx

# 启动
brew services start nginx

# 停止
sudo brew services stop nginx

# 3. 配置vhost

相关推荐：

  1. 「已损坏、身份不明的开发者、无法检查是否含恶意软件」解决：点我查看 (opens new window)
  2. 「不能安装该软件，因为当前无法从软件更新服务器获得」解决：点我查看 (opens new window)
  3. 应用运行出现「意外退出」及「崩溃闪退」问题修复方法：点我查看 (opens new window)
  4. macOS 最好的应用深度卸载启动项管理工具下载：点我查看 (opens new window)
  5. MacOS小助手，常用命令行脚本工具：点我查看 (opens new window)
  6. 「如何开启任何来源？」解决：点我查看 (opens new window)
  7. SIP关闭方法：点我查看 (opens new window) M1点我查看 (opens new window)

更多精品Mac软件请访问：https://mac.orsoon.com/

  <Directory />
-    AllowOverride none
-    Require all denied
+    Order deny,allow
+    Allow from all
  </Directory>

修改目标指向

- DocumentRoot "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs"
- <Directory "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs">

+ DocumentRoot "/Users/leon/Home/labs/MNMP/www"
+ <Directory "/Users/leon/Home/labs/MNMP/www">
Last Updated: 2/16/2023, 4:57:52 PM

← node.js常规操作 →